The Learning ( Or Behaviourist ) Approach - 1365 Words

The learning (or behaviourist) approach, at its core, is about how experience affects our behaviour and how we learn behaviours. This approach postulates that all humans are born as ‘blank slates’ and we become shaped by the environment that the person lives in. Behaviourism is concerned with the observable characteristics of humankind; their behaviour. This approach dismisses any internal workings because these workings are too subjective and difficult to observe; whereas observable behaviour can be scientifically and objectively measured, so more concrete theories can be based off the research undertaken into behaviour. Unsurprisingly, the behaviourist approach works closely with the experimental branch of psychology, and it also works†¦show more content†¦The process of this conditioning is associating a neutral stimulus (the bell) with a unconditioned stimulus (the food) and unconditioned response (the salivation); this means that a stimulus in the environme nt produces a behaviour that is innate, or natural – no new behaviours have been learned, yet. The neutral stimulus does not produce a response unless it is paired with the unconditioned stimulus at the start of conditioning. During conditioning the stimulus that produces no response (i.e. neutral) is associated with the unconditioned stimulus to the point it becomes a conditioned stimulus. Often, at this stage, the unconditioned stimulus needs to be associated with the conditioned stimulus on many occasions or trials for learning to take place. However, this is not always the case; if a neutral stimulus produces sickness or ill-health, then the association does not need to be strengthened over time, because the response it produces is so violent. Now, the conditioned stimulus has been associated with the unconditioned stimulus to the point where it can produce a conditioned response. This association can then be generalized to other, similar objects; as was shown in the â₠¬ËœLittle Albert’ experiment performed by Watson, when the baby’s fear of the white rat had been generalized to other similar furry animals and

An Effective Brand Image Of The Integrated Marketing...

I perceive the best course of action to implements an effective brand image is to have a major â€Å"Influencer† market the newly developed product in the integrated marketing communications mix. Since there is a higher rate of social media users, our Influencers will be utilized best here, and on commercials. Mobile Makreting Inc. is lesser known these days and needs a fresh face to bring them back to life. There are three Influencers I have in mind as our branding image. The three Influencers are Brad Pitt, Sandra Bulock, and Emma Watson, or a combination of all three. I choose these three for specific reasons. For example, they are all three well know around the world and have a large following. Sandra Bullock s father is from Iraq and could make for better ties to the Middle East, and Emma Watson is English so the better ties could be in that region using her. The decision is yours. †¢ Product name – Electronic Protection Satellite Solar Phone (E-Prolite-SP) †¢ Advertising slogan or tag line – E-Protection Global Service wherever you go, however you buy. †¢ Product attributes – Single login for hundreds of sites; highest rated level of security for transactions and preventative measures to thwart hacking and identity theft; satellite connectivity during emergencies or no coverage; solar battery charging. †¢ Product benefits – Prevention of information loss and privacy; automatic add to the Do Not Call Registry; Customized applications; no need to worry about batteryShow MoreRelatedIntegrated Marketing Communications1456 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction to Integrated Marketing Communications An Integrated Marketing Communications program is based on the foundation provided by the communication model. 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Hazardous Waste Management of Brisbane Australia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about theHazardous Waste Management of Brisbane Australia. Answer: Hazardous waste generation and their physical characteristics Waste generation is an inevitable issue within the society. Product utilization is bound to encounter wastage as the penultimate outcome. Viewing it from the other perspective, wastes complete the ecological cycle; however, a conscious and planned approach is needed for proper disposal of the wastes. Application of haphazard approach leads to environmental pollution, which turns the existence of the public domain into a claustrophobic one (Reno, 2015). The generalization of the issue contradicts the limitation of Brisbane city. However, in order to align with the requirements in the assignment, this section discusses the sources through which waste is generated in the city of Brisbane The main hazardous wastes, which destroy the sanctity of the Brisbane city, are bleach, chemicals released from the pools and gardens, solvents from the supermarkets and hardware stores. Bleach is a liquid, where the main components are granules, powders and tablets. In the liquid form, bleach is known as sodium hypochlorite and its white form gains the scientific name of calcium hypochlorite. Using bleach in limited amounts in the household is not harmful as such. Digesting bleach does not prove fatal; however, coming in contact with excessive bleach is harmful as it causes irritation in eyes, mouth, skin and lungs (Roberts, 2015). This type of exposure is very dangerous for patients suffering from asthma. Gardens and pools provide the much needed recreation for the people. If excessive chemicals are put into the plants, flowers and swimming pools, the entire house becomes polluted. These chemicals are the pesticides, fertilizers and herbicides, which destroys the texture of the soil. This destruction aggravates the complexities of the farmers in terms of planting trees for preserving the greenery of the city. Along with this, the bug eats away the plants, which makes is incapable of bearing flowers and fruits. Chemicals released from the pools makes the water polluted, barring the Brisbane inhabitants from refreshing themselves (Gregson Crang, 2015). Along with this, chemicals in the gardens and pools destroy the beauty of the Parks situated in Brisbane. Solvents purchased by the employees from the supermarkets include liquid detergents, soaps and washing powders. If these chemicals falls onto the ground and is eaten by the animals, they fall prey to various diseases. This is due to the presence of chemicals, which is not for the human consumption. Apart from these wastes, the other wastes include the dead animals, which produce suffocating smell. Existing hazardous waste management systems from institutional and financial aspects The wastes, which are generated are managed by Brisbane city council through a systematic manner. For this, workshops, events and various other activities are organized, which reflects an attempt of the personnel to inculcate the urge of environmental protection in the minds of the public domain. Special community groups are formed for volunteering these activities. One such example is clean, green and sustainable 2017-2031. The main theme of this plan is the preservation of ecological biodiversity of Brisbane through the achievement of sustainable growth in the environmental components (Abs.gov.au, 2017). The most remarkable of this is the introduction to water smart city, which would protect the waterways from pollution and enhance the sustainability. Resource recovery centres are the agent for the environment industry personnel in terms of bringing sustainability to the environment of Brisbane. The plan of free recycling facilities is the latest attraction among the people. This is applicable only for the vehicular waste measuring up to 4.5 tonnes. In case of general and green waste, waste vouchers are charged for the people donating the wastes, which need to be recycled. There are certain rules and regulations, which all the people needs to follow. Standardized customer service enhances the popularity of these centres in terms of protecting the ecological diversity (Abs.gov.au, 2017). All these attempts are not without the consideration of the financial aspect. The members of the council sit frequently in meetings and conferences for making plans regarding the activities for the enhancement of the waste management. The employees are also involved in these discussions. Consideration of these viewpoints helps the personnel to come up with various environmental directives, which would keep the waste generation in regulated levels. The council personnel have partnerships with the trade union members for achieving the required assistance in times of crisis and exigency (Rorat Kacprzak, 2017). This assistance safeguards the personnel from the instances of fluctuating prices, inflation and monetary issues. Apart from this, one of the major attractions is the environmental educational institutions. Here, courses related to the preservation of ecological diversity are planned for preparing the youth in terms of making noticeable contributions towards making the Brisbane city worth living. The city council plays an active role in ensuring that the youths receive the primary education. The funds are effectively utilized by organizing greener drives, tree plantation, and green months among others. The roles played by the personnel are reflected from the actions performed towards the disposal of wastes (Wyssusek et al., 2016). The left over foods are distributed among the beggars. Even for this, there are centers, which collect the left over foods and do a door to door service for satisfying their hunger. Prediction of future waste quantities According to Australian Bureau of Statistics, the phase between 1996-97 and 2006-07, the Australian encountered a noticeable growth in the amount of wastes. The percentage for this is 5.4. Major concern is the phase from 1996-97. This is due to the generation of 1200 kg waste in proportion to the number of inhabitants dwelling in Australia. Escalation by 900 kg in the year of 2006-07 alarmed Australia in terms of voluminous waste generation. The information on the economic prosperity seems vague in comparison to this waste generation (Abs.gov.au, 2017). This vagueness also negates the tag of highest users of technology. However, recycling of the waste products reflects the attempts of the industry personnel in terms of preserving and protecting the ecological diversity. The generated wastes are measured through direct and indirect measurement methods. In direct measurement, the flow meter helps in measurement of the amount of waste and its impact on the environment as a whole. Presence of this flow meter in the waste drainage system saves a lot of time, which can be devoted in making plans for recycling the wastes. Landfill wastes takes the shape of leachate, which if spreads can pollute mainly the surface and the ground waters. Along with this, leachate degrades the quality of the soil, making it incapable of growing crops or buildings. There was 12% increase in the amount of landfill waste in Australia in the era of 2001-2007 (Fagbenro, 2016). Consideration of the population is one of an important means for estimating the wastes, which would generate in the upcoming years. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, estimates of waste generation were done in proportion to the population growth. The evidence of this is the table stating the 2007 data and the projection for 2030. 2007 data reveals 1,819,762 population of Brisbane. For 2030 projection, estimations reach to an amount of 3,094, 937, which projects high level on the estimation scale. For the low projection, the amount is 2,553, 834 (Abs.gov.au, 2017). In view of these figures, the estimations regarding the waste generation are high. Rapid growth of population means more waste generation, which compels the scientists to predict more environmental pollution. Further, more environmental pollution indicates aggravation of the complexities in health issues such as cancer, asthma and others. The new born babies might be deformed is the council does not take imme diate and strict measures to curb the situation firmly. Major problems and issues Generation of waste is a major problem, which spoils the environment of a place. Lackadaisical attitude of the personnel towards proper waste disposal compels the public domain to have a claustrophobic existence. As a matter of specification, the waste fractions are measured through various codes. Within this, all the business organizations and industries are included. Disposal of hazardous wastes in the dustbins are strictly prohibited (Kalutara et al., 2017). This is due to the outcomes of explosions, leading to loss of property and deaths. Presence of toxins in the bins proves fatal for the truck drivers. The areas, which are affected through the waste generation, are Brisbane River and Moreton Bay. The main issue here is the illegal dumping, which makes the society dirty and polluted (Glanville Chang, 2015). The presence of fire ants and lantana aggravate the intensity of the pollution levels. Dumping of the old furniture leads to more wastage, which aggravates the complexity of the neighborhood in terms of leading a healthy lifestyle. The toxic substances are harmful for the slum children as they roam around the dustbins for a small piece of food. Along with this, leftover tyres and parts of trees block the roads, which lead to accidents. These tyres even obstruct the drains, which accumulates the wastes rather than its disposal. This issue is a serious concern for the public domain in terms of their existence (Martin et al., 2016). Delving deep into the aspect, aggravation of the toxic wastes pollutes the environment of Brisbane, which causes severe diseases like cancer, asthma among others. The intensity of these issues is so high that if not dealt immediately, the future generation would not be able to see the beauty of Nature. For this, effective recommendations need to be taken for protecting the ecological diversity. The most important recommendation is the adoption of solid waste management. Within this, the personnel need to expose a systematic approach. First of all, the wastes need to be segregated according to their types (Garg Larroquette, 2014). Mixture of the wastes would prove all efforts and attempts in vain. As a matter of specification, the wastes that can be recycled need to be kept separately. Placement of dustbins in parks, restaurants and other public places would solve half of the problem. The visitors need to be instructed about throwing the wastes in the dustbins and not wherever they feel like. Fines and prosecutions for throwing wastes other than dustbins reflect the reliability of this recommendation. These aspects project a slow yet gradual progression towardsmanagement of the wastes (Gillespie, 2015). Free waste collection centers are also an evidence of the attempts towardseffective management of the wastes. Along with this, advertisements, hoardings and street plays regarding the maintenance of cleanliness indicate the penetration into the path of protecting the environment. This has spread the awareness among the general public to expose conscious attitude towards the wastes that generate from their house (Bricknell, 2014). Individual attempts in this direction would result in the preservation of Nature as a whole. The green test drives, which are conducted by the vehicle companies also indicate the attempts towards the mitigating the level of environmental pollution. Within this, remarkable step is boycotting the use of petrol and diesel and adopting electricity operated batteries. The employees of the industry are being provided with trainings related to the efficient and effective utilization of the machines for regulated generation of wastes. Green weeks are celebrated, where trees are planted; dramas are staged, cultural programs and organized and many more (Damigos, Kaliampakos Menegaki, 2016). Conclusion The assignment emerges successful in providing an insight into the alarming necessity of hazardous waste management. The intensity of the issue contradicts the limitations of Brisbane. The statistical evidences from the Australian Bureau of Statistics alarm the public regarding the gradual depletion of the natural beauty from the society. In-depth information about the wastes and their physical characteristics is an attempt to make the people aware of their negligent attitude towards sustaining adequate resources for the future generation. Prediction regarding the future waste quantities is a warning for the people, which compel the city council of Brisbane and others to take immediate steps for preserving the ecological biodiversity. Conclusion acts as an evaluation regarding the assessment of effectiveness and appropriateness of the undertaken steps in terms of bestowing a healthy lifestyle on the public domain. References Abs.gov.au (2017). Waste per person. Retrieved 2nd August 2017 from https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/1370.0~2010~Chapter~Waste%20per%20person%20(6.6.3) Bricknell, S. (2014). 3 What is environmental crime and how much is happening in Australia?.Following the Proceeds of Environmental Crime: Fish, Forests and Filthy Lucre, 28. Brisbane.qld.gov.au (2017). Illegal dumping. Retrieved 2nd August 2017 from https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/environment-waste/rubbish-tips-bins/illegal-dumping Damigos, D., Kaliampakos, D., Menegaki, M. (2016). How much are people willing to pay for efficient waste management schemes? A benefit transfer application.Waste Management Research,34(4), 345-355. Fagbenro, O. K. (2016). 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Factors that influence Australian community buildings sustainable management.Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management,24(1), 94-117. Martin, R., Dowling, K., Pearce, D. C., Florentine, S., Bennett, J. W., Stopic, A. (2016). Size-dependent characterisation of historical gold mine wastes to examine human pathways of exposure to arsenic and other potentially toxic elements.Environmental geochemistry and health,38(5), 1097-1114. Reno, J. (2015). Waste and waste management.Annual Review of Anthropology,44, 557-572. Roberts, D. (2015). Characterisation of chemical composition and energy content of green waste and municipal solid waste from Greater Brisbane, Australia.Waste Management,41, 12-19. Rorat, A., Kacprzak, M. (2017). Eco-Innovations in Sustainable Waste Management Strategies for Smart Cities. InHappy City-How to Plan and Create the Best Livable Area for the People(pp. 221-237). Springer International Publishing. Wyssusek, K. H., Foong, W. M., Steel, C., Gillespie, B. M. (2016). The Gold in Garbage: Implementing a Waste Segregation and Recycling Initiative.AORN journal,103(3), 316-e1. Zhao, J., Huang, L., Lee, D. H., Peng, Q. (2016). Improved approaches to the network design problem in regional hazardous waste management systems.Transportation research part E: logistics and transportation review,88, 52-75.